Friday, November 9, 2012

Bullying Prevention Made Easy With Verbal Judo Peace Process



Bullying Prevention Verbal Judo
Anti-Bullying Tactical Communication Tongue Fu!

A Peaceful Verbal Self Defense Approach from Martial Arts Wisdom and Law Enforcement Training

Greetings,

My name is John Nottingham from the Phoenix BullyProof Project.  You may recognize me from my news appearances for Nottingham Sword & Shield Security or my USA Martial Arts schools.  I've been doing bullying prevention work and teaching men, women and children how to protect themselves for over 27 years now.

A Novel Approach To Bullying Prevention
I've devoted my life to researching and teaching the best methods of personal protection, security and self defense (including bullying prevention).  Throughout that time I have studied with some of the greatest minds in the world on the subjects related to safety and security.

Bully Prevention | Anti-Bullying Verbal Defense 
Our PEACEFUL approach to bullying prevention has been incorporated into numerous Anti-Bully Programs, Bullying Prevention Presentations and curriculum.  We teach the use of INFLUENCE for Bully Prevention.  It is a pro-active approach that helps men, women and children generate voluntary compliance and redirect behavior with words.  This powerful method prevents situations from escalating and has even saved lives.  Maybe it will protect you or that of your child's someday as well.

These are just a few of the benefits you or your child will gain from learning Verbal Judo or Tactical Communication.

Our step-by-step program will teach you:

   •   Specific ways to identify what makes you angry and how to gain control over thoughts and emotions to make smarter and safer choices.

   •   Methods to intercept and respond to verbal attacks using proven tactics that preserve your dignity and respect.

   •   Key listening tools to understand why people use bullying behavior and what is really behind their words.

   •  You'll learn when, how and where to take action for the best outcome.

 John Nottingham's BullyProof Vest - How to Handle Bullying Like a Bodyguard uses a proven method of thwarting bullying by equipping each individual with the social intelligence, anger management, and assertion competence to handle bullying situations with dignity, style and class.  You'll learn peaceful resolutions to conflicts and the proper way to handle bullying from hitting, pinching, tripping, rude remarks, online bullying to just about any cruel behavior!

To find the nearest authorized Bullying Prevention International, BullyProof Project or John Nottingham's BullyProof Vest representative, contact:
BullyProofVestAZ@gmail.com
or visit online at
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Bullying-Prevention-Initiative-International/240455266014141?fref=ts
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Arizona-Bullying-Prevention-Project/195880673766509?fref=ts
http://usa-martialarts.com


Tuesday, October 23, 2012

Attention Parents of Bullied Children... Is Your Child Being Bullied and You Need Answers Now?


Are you a parent of a BULLIED CHILD who's frustrated with teachers and school system?

Has your son or daughter fallen through the cracks of the school wide anti-bullying programs?
Does your child's school deny having a bullying problem or refuses to listen?

If so... We have the answers.

My name is John Nottingham and I've been helping men, women and children protect themselves and effectively deal with bullying for over 27 years.  I know the pain of being bullied because it happened to me.  That's why I created my BullyProof Vest - How to Handle Bullying Like a Bodyguard.  I train bodyguards, Police SWAT, FBI, Military, Special Forces, men, women and children of all ages for a living.  I can help you and your child too. I don't say that to impress you but to impress upon you that my techniques have to work because lives depend on it.

The Solution to Bullying is NOT Complex - It Is Simple... Just Not Always EASY.
Bullying is not a complex problem as the modern self proclaimed experts report.  That is why reports of bullying is on the rise.  Research is revealing that their efforts are failing despite their new laws, NO BULLY ZONE posters and impotent attempts to force everyone to be nice.  That approach just isn't realistic.  They fail because they are in a field outside their expertise.  

Is The Anti-Bully Movement Creating Victims or Victors?

More often than not these well-intentioned groups are creating serial victims by teaching them that nobody has the right to offend them or be wrong, have a bad day, make a mistake or be anything but nice.  This is simply a formula for disaster and will leave a generation of children unprotected, incapable, who are emotional marshmallows with low social intelligence.  Our program teaches how to become victorious in bullying situations through practical skills from verbal judo that build confidence, and instill resilience, rather than erode it.  

Learn to Successfully Prevent Bullying From Professional Protectors
Bullying behavior has a simple solution - but those who refuse to accept the reality of it want to believe that it is a complex problem because they don't know how to deal with bullying.  Most of them can't deal with bullying behavior even as adults and that is  the reason they are failing children.  You can't give away what you don't have.

The Uncomfortable Truth - Cash in the Reality Check
The answer to bullying is acceptance of reality.  Bullying is a behavior that we are all capable of.  It is as part of the human make up as much as violence is.  As much as some individuals struggle with that idea because it conflicts with their wishes for a nice and happy world, it is not so.  This is a form of anxiety producing denial.  Denial is not an effective bullying solution nor practical self defense approach.   

If we could legislate a perfect community, politicians would have done that long ago.  The fact remains that oppressive behavior and violence exists in our world because it exists in our human condition.  The good news is that we have solutions for it and we can teach them to you and your child.

Here are some smart steps to helping your child overcome bullying.

1. Observe - Know Your Child
Observe them in social situations while they interact with other children.  Note their body language, emotional responses, social skills and ability to adapt or make friends.  It is important to notice how they navigate through challenges, various feelings and use problem solving skills.  Are they passive (did nothing)?  Aggressive (usually ends up in a fight or spewing insults)? Assertive (demonstrated calm strength)?  Do they have skills for problem solving?  How much do they rely on you?  Too much? Too little?  The goal should be a healthy interdependence of using you and teachers as a resourceful guide, not always as a rescuer or strong arm of justice.  
Remember that a helicopter parent that always swoops in to rescue a child is crippling that child for years to come and robbing them of the opportunity to have dignity, resourcefulness and important safety capability.  That is not to say they are to be abandoned when they really need help!  It is based on context so the situation will determine the best course of action.  It is NOT one size fits all overly specific or overly generic methods.  

2. Develop Trusting Relationship
Develop a relationship with your children where they feel safe to share things with you.  Be a good listener.  Avoid interrupting, or being too quick to judge a situation and render your opinion.  Ask them what they think they should do first and encourage them to problem solve so they develop skills.  Share personal experiences with them that may be helpful for them to know you understand and acknowledge and validate their feelings.  They are not you.  Avoid preachy dogma that might make them feel weak or incapable, or overly aggressive or get in trouble.  Explain the outcomes of various approaches and together determine a course of action.  You are teaching them important skills here so use wisdom.  If you are not sure then show them how to seek out expert help when needed and be resourceful.  Build trust so that your children know you are an advocate for them and a trusted voice of wisdom and reason.

3. Assessment
Next is to determine the type of bullying, its sources, characteristics and the level of threat that it poses to personal safety or emotional health.  Stick to the facts and ask for specifics.  Recognize that you have a bias as the child's parent so be cautious to sort out fact from feelings (in your own mind) while being empathetic to your child's emotions.  Reassure them that you are on their side and believe them.  

What kind of bullying is taking place?  

  • Verbal Bullying / Intimidation
  • Indirect Bullying / Emotional Bullying (manipulation, exclusion, rumors etc.)
  • Internet / Social Media aka Cyberbullying
  • Physical Bullying
  • One individual, multiple etc.
  • Locations: School, places of transition (bus stop etc.)  
  • Whom has been notified?
  • What have they tried?
Gentle Interview/Test
Role play the scenario with your child with you being the "bully" and have them show you how they have handled it in the past.  You can make it into a game where your child feels safe.  Stay in character without allowing it to become too silly.  Be careful not to render a  hasty judgement - instead identify with your child's feelings first then when calm and ready you can explore some solutions together.
In most cases you'll find your child is being passive.  Some will be aggressive.  The goal is to be assertive.

Taking into account your child's emotional health and social intelligence ask yourself if you believe your child is capable of self rescue.  If so, you can move on to the next step.  If not, you may have to develop an intervention plan with teachers or other calm, reasonable adults.  The best approach is with calm wisdom that seeks to help the other child, not exact revenge or some twisted idea of social justice (which could lead to bullying behavior and make things worse).

4.  Lead by example.  Remember that you model problem solving behavior and conflict resolution skills to your child in your daily life.  Be a good example to them.  

Also, you should lead by example in the role playing. Let them act out the bully role while you handle it with calm and wisdom.  Try some of the verbal judo comeback lines we provide here.  Model the behavior you wish to see in your child.  If you lack the skills, get training, practice and then do so.  You can learn together and make it a great experience!

5. Actionable Plan
Based on the sum of all factors in the situation you can together create a realistic plan that works for your values, your child's abilities and age appropriate responses.  Keep in mind that you have a peaceful objective that protects all the children involved and has a win-win outcome.  

6. Role Play and Rehearse  
Discussing how to handle a bullying situation is not enough.  It requires that you role play it in as realistic of conditions as you can create and your child is ready for.  Switch roles each time so that you can demonstrate how to do it and then allow your child to be inspired by your clever, calm confidence and display of assertive inner strength.  Give each other feedback on how you did.  One of my favorite tools is to video or audio record the process and watch it afterwards.  On video, turn off the sound and simply watch body language to see where the majority of communication is coming from.  (Research shows that only about 3-7% of communication is verbal.)  This is a very powerful tool once you get over being camera shy.  Make bullying prevention practice fun!

If you want more information on how to effectively STOP BULLYING, my programs or organization join us online at:

John Nottingham's BullyProof Vest
How To Handle Bullying Like a Bodyguard
Speaking, Assemblies, Teacher Training, Verbal Judo Tactical Communication, Physical Intervention

The Bullying Prevention Initiative International
Free resources from best practices, protective specialists, research, discussion and more.

The Phoenix BullyProof Project
Arizona Bullying Prevention Initiative Sponsored by Nottingham Sword & Shield Security, John Nottingham's BullyProof Vest and USA Martial Arts


 Meet John Nottingham, Security, Self Defense, Bullying Specialist, Speaker and Consultant






Meet John Nottingham
Director, Bullying Prevention Initiative International      Arizona Bullying Prevention Initiative The Phoenix BULLYPROOF Project  Speaker and Consultant
John Nottingham, PI, E.P.S., 6th Degree Black Belt Master Instructor knows how it feels be bullied.  Not only did he overcome it, he has taught thousands of men, women and children to resolve conflicts peacefully for over 26 years.  His  mission is to provide alternative solutions on the serious issue of bullying and self defense; and to educate about the importance of peace and character education programs.  The connection between bullying and other forms of violence, and the effects bullying has on children is significant.  John specializes in Verbal Judo, Bullying Prevention and Victim Proof Self Defense Training, and is available to speak at schools, church groups, and community events.




 >






Alternative to Anti-Bullying Movement  
John founded the not for profits Bullying Prevention Initiative International as well as the local chapter of the Arizona Bullying Intervention Initiative - The Phoenix BullyProof Project to provide alternatives to the failed school wide anti-bullying programs.
John  has served as an adviser and contributor for the Break The Chain Foundation, a charity dedicated to raising awareness about child abuse.  He is also authoring a book on bullying - 5 Steps To Handle a Bully Like a Bodyguard - a practical guide to self defense with dignity.  He draws from his vast experience in advanced threat assessment and management, self defense, security, military intelligence and role as a martial arts peace educator.  His methods have served as advice for various community, school, and faith-based programs, special events and conferences. 
If you have opportunity for a speaker, event, or program/project manager, or would like
to get more information about fees and services – John can be contacted by email ~ 
BullyProofVestAZ@gmail.com
 Facebook Bullying Prevention Initiative International
Facebook Arizona Bullying Prevention Project
Blog Bullying Prevention World



Monday, October 1, 2012

Phoenix Bullying Prevention Event for Children Teaches Confidence and Instills Inner Strength - October is Bullying Prevention Month


 



FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
John Nottingham
(602) 896-8721

Arizona Bodyguard and Martial Arts Instructor Offers Bullying Prevention Training Event   for Arizona children.
Hear a free radio interview on Bully Prevention and check out these effective Bullying Prevention Tips.

October is Bullying Prevention Month
In recognition of Bullying Prevention Month, the Arizona Bullying Prevention Project is coordinating efforts and resources to teach Phoenix kids how to stop bullying and prevent bullying behavior. The Bully Solutions Project is a private initiative sponsored by a collaborative effort from USA Martial Arts Phoenix and Nottingham Sword & Shield Security Bodyguards.

"We've been helping children and adults deal with bullying and aggressive behavior successfully for over 27 years.  Bullying can be resolved once you have the tools and know what to do and when to do it.  The first step is to accept responsibility and take action to get training from a qualified source."

Build Your Child's Confidence With Bullying Prevention Education
Grade School Bullying | Middle School Bullying | High School Bullying

o 160,000 children avoid school every day in the US to avoid bullying. –National Education Association.
o  Bullying is considered the most common form of violence in schools
o Studies have shown that adults who were bullied as children are more likely to have higher level of depression and lower self-esteem than those who were not.

"We teach a highly effective and proven five step process for handling a bullying.  Our techniques use a peaceful formula derived from bodyguard training.  It goes to the source of the problem rather than just attempting to band-aid the symptoms.  We teach children step by step how to identify trouble situations, escalating behaviors and give them practical tools to derail situations that could lead to bullying or violence." 

The Bully Intervention Project Phoenix Arizona.
The Arizona Bully Intervention Project – Bully Prevention Training
Teaching John Nottingham's Bully Proof Vest Program
4731 E. Greenway Rd Suite 9
Phoenix, Arizona 85032
Telephone (602) 896-8721
http://bullyproofingarizona.blogspot.com/2011/02/arizona-bully-proof-project-training.html
Involved or Support Bullying Prevention Efforts

Friday, June 29, 2012

Bullying Prevention and Bully Intervention Mistakes



How would you like it if your Doctor just started operating on your child with no tests, diagnosis or even interview?

This is not only dangerous but could have catastrophic consequences.  I have observed that this is all too common practice among some in the anti-bully movement.  Prescription without diagnosis is a common pitfall that needs to be avoided.  This is also among the reasons of why I do not agree with so called anti-bullying legislation nor school-wide anti-bullying policies as an effectual means to deal with the particular issues involved in bullying.  Although well intentioned, my experience clearly shows that those are backwards approaches to addressing the core issues of bullying and aggressive behavior.

by John D. Nottingham

Bullying 911 - Misdiagnosis
We have to be cautious that we do not treat cases in an overly generalized manner.  In my programs and workshops I emphasize a more individualized approach where diagnosis is key to recommending a course for treatment.

The two most common assumptions are:
1. The child is incapable of self rescue.
2. The child is capable of self rescue.

Preventing Bullying With Wisdom, Training and Compassion
The main emphasis of my programs are to BULLYPROOF or more accurately, victim-proof children with social and safety skills so that they are armed for life.  Doing everything for a child and insulating them from all difficulty is a sure way of disarming them and leaving them vulnerable.  However, sometimes children are in need of specific intervention.  That is why my team and I view it a process of moving from dependence to independence to interdependence.


Bubble Wrapped Kids From Helicopter Parenting?
We don't want to cripple children by doing everything for them and robbing them of the skills and lessons to grow into healthy, productive and functioning individuals.  At the same time, we need to be aware that some children need more help than others.  This is based on the social, safety and individual dynamics of the bullying situation.

If you would like to learn more about our assessment process and bullying prevention training programs, networking or efforts, please feel free to contact me personally at:

 BullyProofVestAZ@gmail.com

John Nottingham, PI, EPS, 6th Degree Master Black Belt
Founder Bullying Prevention Initiative International / Phoenix BullyProof Project
Author: BULLYPROOF YOUR KIDS: How to Handle a Bully Like a Bodyguard

Sponsored by:
Nottingham Sword & Shield Security Bodyguards
USA Martial Arts & Kickboxing
WEBSPECIAL Children's Martial Arts Phoenix
WEBSPECIAL Kickboxing Fight The Fat

Sunday, May 13, 2012

Stop Bullying With Verbal Judo Techniques - Bullying Comeback Lines for Kids!


This instructional video is from our friend Martial Arts Master Richard Lykes, 5th Degree Black Belt.  Master Lykes is an accomplished martial artists and respected teacher who is trained in VERBAL JUDO method of bullying prevention.

In this video he takes children through some practical techniques to use if confronted with a bullying situation.  Notice the use of peaceful, positive persuasion.

Thank you for the valuable service you provide your community Master Lykes!

http://www.lykesmartialarts.com/index.php

Phoenix area training in bullying prevention:  http://usa-martialarts.com http://phoenix-martialarts.com
WEBSPECIAL http://KidsLoveMartialArtsPhoenix.com



Friday, May 4, 2012

What NOT to say to a bully to make him leave you alone




You've Been Lied To
There is a lot of misinformation and bad advice on handling a bully online and, even in school anti-bullying programs.  I'm sorry about that but it's why I started my BullyProofing programs.

Proven Methods Vs Guesswork and Denial
Here are some suggestions that may help you make a smarter and safer decision on your approach.  Nothing is guaranteed to work 100% of the time but these techniques have worked for thousands of others and now you can exercise more options.
Don't confuse knowledge for ability.  Some of the smartest people are terrified victims.  Just because you understand it doesn't mean you can do it.  You must practice until you have confidence in it.

NOTE: Each bullying situation is unique because of the personality, strengths and characteristics of the individuals involved.  Tough love advice does not help if the child targeted for bullying doesn't have the courage, confidence and ability to pull it off.  

Bullies Vs. Victims, Angels & Devils
Often times, the bullying is going both ways.  Bullying is a behavior cycle.  Assuming you, friend, your child or little brother is the angel can be a mistake.  This is a presumption of perfection and that one person is good and the other is evil.  Although that happens, it is rare and full of dangerous judgement that could lead to negative consequences. [I'm not saying blame the victim here.] Remember, it is when people perceive themselves as victims that they tend to lash out the most.  The goal is to avoid fighting, not encourage it.

The peaceful options are almost always found through approaching the issue with centered calm, objectivity, empathy and an effective plan based on accurate facts.

"Just stand up to him!"
This is incomplete advice because it assumes too much about the individual and the situation.  Standing up is not specific enough to help someone.  While the concept is usually right, how you actually do it is what determines the outcome.  Should you try to scare the one bullying?  Should you yell?  Should you threaten?  Should you give an ultimatum?  Usually the peaceful option is to show centered calm and inner-strength.  For most kids targeted with bullying, this is exactly what they haven't been doing.  It will probably take practice and some training to get to a level of confidence to do it right.

"Tell on the bully"
Telling on the bully is usually one of the worst ideas for a first step.  It can often be interpreted as bullying back to get the kid in trouble or bullying by proxy.  Being a bigger bully isn't right either.  Plus those with advanced social skills can sometimes manipulate teachers and retaliate.
If you want to escalate the situation, telling as a first option is a great way to do it.  Furthermore, you will have a lot of trouble having self-respect when you have to abdicate all your power to a teacher as a first option.  Sometimes it is important and necessary to get a teachers help but you should know when and where to do it.
The people who instruct you to tell on the bully first were probably bullied as kids.  Many still don't know why they were bullied or how to stop it without getting someone else to stop it for them.  That doesn't have to be your situation.  You can learn solutions that really work, keep you safe and preserve your dignity.
Another problem with telling on the bully is that it can earn you a reputation as a tattle tale.  This is a fast way to lose the respect and trust of your peers.  Nobody likes a rat.  If you have to tell, you should learn HOW to tell.  There is a difference between telling and tattling.
There is a right way and a wrong way to tell.  
Telling is not a wise first step in most situations because it has so many consequences.  There is a time to tell (when you must) but try the other steps first like Verbal Judo and making friends if you can.  Here are some more specific examples.


"Threaten to get the bully in trouble"
Threatening to get the bully in trouble or create some nasty consequence is another way to escalate an abusive situation.  People can really get upset when they feel trapped or threatened and act even more cruel. Empathy and options are a better way to get what you want as first steps rather than threatening.  That does't condone or make bullying right, it just shows that peace is more important to you than revenge and punishment.

Interviewing Bullies 
BULLY FACT: When interviewed, children who bully often report that they continued bullying because the other child tried to get them in trouble by telling on them or were mean to them. When see themselves as a victim, they want revenge.  This is how it can escalate.

"Punch Them in the Face One Time as Hard As You Can"
This is a really great way to get in a lot of trouble with your school.  Furthermore, it can be very dangerous if you aren't prepared for a physical fight.  It might even make other kids jump in to defend their friend and now your problems are compounded. People who tell you to punch a bully were probably people who use bully behavior to get what they want.  Fighting is not a wise solution to bullying and often ends up with you suffering more serious consequences, including physical harm.  Never mistake fighting with self defense.  Self defense is a last resort and when you have no other escape or options.  Fighting is a choice that comes with serious risks to you and the other person.


"Just walk away"
Most likely, you, your friend/sibling or child are being picked on because of this gem of advice.  It is very common to those who do not understand bullying dynamics.  Denial is not an effective safety or self defense strategy.  Just walking away can inadvertently give permission to the other person to keep picking on you day after day.  In effect, they are getting permission to pick on you.
It's not what you do, it is HOW you do it.  When you just walk away, some people interpret that as consent.  They may also interpret that as weakness and a good reason they need to toughen you up.  No, it isn't right and bullying is always wrong, but that is how some people think.
It is important that you make eye contact and acknowledge them with centered calm, a sense of humor or even agreement.  They key is to take them off their game and no matter what, avoid showing anger, vulnerability or an exaggerated reaction.

Whine and protest. "Stop it!" "You have no right to do that!" 
This is a great way to irritate and antagonize others.  Think of it as cheering on the bullying behavior.  I know that seems like the opposite, but some people really enjoy cranking people up emotionally.  It is a rewarding experience for them - like an experiment on a lab rat.  They like to see how far they can push and get away with it or make you do embarrassing things.
My recommendation is to keep your composure and preserve your dignity.  See it as a game and avoid whining, angry responses and emotional reactions that could be interpreted as weaknesses and vulnerabilities.  Remember, we are playing a game of perceptions here and we teach people how to treat us. Think of it like an interview and how you want to make an impression.  When you are tested with teasing, taunts, name calling, picking, poking... respond in unexpected ways with strength.  One of the greatest ways to show strength is to laugh (with, not at them) or show kindness.  Granted, it's not easy but it is very, very powerful.  You will likely need to build your confidence through practice and maybe even video your role playing until it looks strong and centered.

Evict The Victim Mindset
You can start feeling stronger by recognizing that others, just like you, have overcome bullying.  First you have to be willing to seek help with building your bully-busting skills.  The price is practice. Bullying behavior is part of life so learning how to deal with it successfully early is an important skill.  You should't do it alone so ask for help from people who are good at it.
No one can make you feel inferior without your consent.- Eleanor Roosevelt
Stop seeing yourself as a victim because that is what causes others to perceive you the same way.  Neither is there power in being a victim unless you want to live your life fishing, hoping, manipulating, begging for sympathy and never knowing your true potential and personal power.  Yes, some live entire lives that way but you don't have to live in fear and judgment.

You are unique and should be proud to be who you are.  Nobody on Earth is exactly like you.  You are far more powerful and valuable than you realize.  

If you really need help, I'll be your bully coach.  It's free and anonymous. You're worth fighting for. Wage peace my friend. BullyProofVestAZ@gmail.com

Bullying Solutions For Teens - Anti-Bullying Behavior Options



Students bully in five basic ways:

1. Physical aggression: spitting, tripping, pushing, shoving, etc.
2. Social alienation: gossiping, spreading rumors, excluding from the
3. Group, publicly humiliating, etc.
4. Verbal aggression: name calling, teasing, etc.
5. Intimidation: playing a dirty trick, public challenge to do something,etc.
6. Sexual bullying - commenting on body parts, calling gay etc.



Targets can try HA HA SO for dealing with bullies.
* Not every one works in every situation.

H Help. Seek help from peers and/or an adult. 
[NOTE: BPII/ABPP do not advocate telling as a first step because it has a tendency to escalate the bullying behavior.  You want to avoid a reputation as a tattle tale or show signs of vulnerability by what could be perceived as retaliation by getting them in trouble.  However, each situation is different and should be treated according to the individual's needs.  BPII/ABPP usually recommends trying to make friends first by a show of inner-strength, centered calm and kindness.]
A Assert yourself. Look the bully in the eye and tell them to stop. Keep it short.
"I don't like it when you do that, please stop."

H Humor. Respond with a remark to make the bully laugh.
A Avoid. Walk away, stay with others, not alone.

S Self-talk. Put on a tape in your own mind that says nice things to yourself so the bully doesn't get to you.
O Own it. Own the put-down (agree with it) to throw the bully off.

What not to do. Do NOT react emotionally. Don't show strong emotions in front of the bully which will excite the bully more.


*The HAHASO strategy was developed by the Bully Project and set forth in Bully-Proofing Your School, which can be obtained from Sopris West Publishing at www.sopriswest.com.